tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-40866140401313865882024-03-13T03:09:05.851+00:00MapTimeVisualising Deep Time with Google MapsRichard Edwardshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16115218690707131186noreply@blogger.comBlogger25125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4086614040131386588.post-47012724587272641972016-09-01T14:52:00.000+01:002017-09-27T14:52:51.347+01:00MapTime is currently unavailableDue to lack of funds, the MapTime site is currently down. If you are interested in supporting further hosting and development of this tool, please get in touch!Richard Edwardshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16115218690707131186noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4086614040131386588.post-54823095319476461882015-06-20T08:05:00.000+01:002015-06-20T08:25:32.826+01:00Organic Evolution Timepoints<p><a href="http://http://maptimeblog.blogspot.co.uk/2012/08/why-use-new-scientist-evolution-of-life.html">A previous post</a> outlined the rationale behind using (predominantly) the <a href="http://www.newscientist.com/article/dn17453-timeline-the-evolution-of-life.html">New Scientist evolution of life</a> website but (a) not all the TimePoints from that site are in the default TimeLine and (b) not all of the TimePoints in the TimeLine are from that site. So, how did we choose what to put in? </p>
<p>Because we have not yet rolled out customised TimeLines, we wanted something that would be reasonably flexible. We have therefore erred on the side of having too many points, rather than too few. (As outlined in the “<a href="http://maptimeblog.blogspot.co.uk/2012/07/how-to-use-maptime.html">How to use MapTime</a>” post, TimePoints can be hidden.) We also wanted a reasonable spread of points, although some important events clearly cluster more than others. Finally, because it is intended as an educational tool, there is a bit of a human bias in this timeline, particularly for the more recent events.</p>
<p>Although MapTime is not currently under active development, we would be happy to add additional TimePoints that would be of use. There are some others on the site, in addition to the <a href="http://maptimeblog.blogspot.com.au/2012/12/new-evolving-earth-timepoints-added.html">Evolving Earth TimePoints</a> and <a href="http://www.maptime.co.uk/pages/view/timeroute.php?tlid=14&tlname=Evolving+Earth">TimeLine</a>.</p>
<h2 id="thetimepoints">The TimePoints</h2>
<p>The <a href="http://www.maptime.co.uk/pages/view/timeroute.php?tlid=13&tlname=Organic+Evolution+TimeLine">Organic Evolution TimeLine</a> has the following TimePoints. Note that <a href="http://www.maptime.co.uk/pages/view/moreTimepoint.php?tpid=231">the divergence of Great Apes from gibbons</a> (ca. 20 Mya) was added today, as there was a bit of gap following the <a href="http://www.maptime.co.uk/pages/view/moreTimepoint.php?tpid=170">K/T Extinction</a> 65 Mya.</p>
<ol>
<li>2012 AD, MapTime (Destination)</li>
<li>1989 AD, Cold War ends</li>
<li>1945 AD, Hiroshima</li>
<li>1776 AD, American Independence</li>
<li>5 kya, Writing</li>
<li>5.5 kya, Bronze Age</li>
<li>35 kya, Cave art</li>
<li>72 kya, Clothing/jewellery</li>
<li>195 kya, <i>Homo sapiens</i> appears</li>
<li>1.6 mya, Use of fire</li>
<li>1.8 mya, Out of Africa</li>
<li>2.5 mya, Stone tools</li>
<li>5.8 mya, Bipedal walking</li>
<li>6 mya, Humans diverge fromcChimps</li>
<li>20 mya, Great Apes diverge from gibbons</li>
<li>65 mya, K/T Extinction</li>
<li>70 mya, Grass</li>
<li>130 mya, Flowers</li>
<li>150 mya, Archaeopteryx (early birds)</li>
<li>180 mya, Mammals</li>
<li>200 mya, Warm bloodedness</li>
<li>250 mya, Permian Extinction</li>
<li>397 mya, Tetrapods</li>
<li>400 mya, Insects and woody plants</li>
<li>465 mya, Land Plants</li>
<li>500 mya, Arthropod crawls onto land</li>
<li>535 mya, Cambrian Explosion</li>
<li>540 mya, Chordates</li>
<li>630 mya, Bilateral Symmetry</li>
<li>900 mya, Multicellularity</li>
<li>2 bya, First Eukaryotic Cells</li>
<li>2.15 bya, Photosynthesis</li>
<li>2.3 bya, Snowball Earth</li>
<li>2.4 bya, Oxygen Atmosphere</li>
<li>3.5 bya, Single Celled Life</li>
<li>4.54 bya, Formation of Earth (Start Location)</li>
</ol>Richard Edwardshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16115218690707131186noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4086614040131386588.post-32975932768800590302015-06-20T05:38:00.000+01:002015-06-20T05:38:34.527+01:00MapTime is back up<p>The <a href="http://www.maptime.co.uk/">MapTime website</a> is be back up and has been for some time, I think. (We’re all too busy with our day jobs to keep a close eye on it at present.)</p>Richard Edwardshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16115218690707131186noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4086614040131386588.post-54929142149492211602014-12-16T02:06:00.002+00:002015-06-20T08:05:30.353+01:00Maptime is downNot sure what is going on but I am looking into the problem.jparcoeurhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03880353646115669170noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4086614040131386588.post-44594238644070413392013-01-18T12:05:00.003+00:002013-05-03T11:08:48.287+01:00Why MapTime does not use a logarithmic scale<center><a href="http://xkcd.com/1162/"><img border="0" src="http://imgs.xkcd.com/comics/log_scale.png" /></a></center>Go team!!!<br />
<br />
<i>[Cartoon from <a href="http://xkcd.com/1162/">XKCD</a>.]</i>jparcoeurhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03880353646115669170noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4086614040131386588.post-54381640459331955952012-12-03T10:22:00.000+00:002015-06-20T07:35:20.719+01:00New "Evolving Earth" TimePoints added<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Pangea_animation_03.gif"><img border="0" height="160" width="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi1cGcg-kJSBx4SwOESgmXiwjUaF36f97np9Ifv2kuak_J1u1J4kMnGPME9aOn2y6wxQx3TdASZrtCQw0PiZmzlfP20LgIpwUXOpQn-YHnR6lz3u5jtZVXyiWf6kLgXLt1e1N2-APqLKZdd/s320/Pangea_animation_03.gif" align="left" style="margin-right:10px;margin-bottom:4px"/></a>The <a href="http://www.maptime.co.uk/">MapTime server</a> is back online after a small glitch with the server hosting our server. <br />
<br />
A new "Evolving Earth" TimeLine will appear soon on the site, which is designed to accompany <a href="http://www.southampton.ac.uk/oes/undergraduate/modules/soes3006_the_evolving_earth.page">The evolving earth Year 3 module</a> run by Ocean and Earth Science at the University of Southampton. <br />
<br />
The TimeLine is not quite ready and will no doubt have a few tweaks but if you want to have a preview of the TimePoints in their current form, you can visit the <a href="http://www.maptime.co.uk/pages/view/listTimepoints.php">TimePoints page</a> and search for the keyword: <b>evolving_earth</b> or you can make the TimeLine <a href="http://www.maptime.co.uk/pages/view/timeroute.php?tlid=14&tlname=Evolving+Earth">here</a>.Richard Edwardshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16115218690707131186noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4086614040131386588.post-41516179664250436772012-12-02T17:02:00.000+00:002015-06-20T08:08:57.935+01:00New features coming soon!The MapTime server is down again. Sorry! (Hopefully it will be fixed shortly.) In the meantime, why not check out the <a href="http://www.onezoom.org/">OneZoom Tree of Life Explorer</a>, which seems to be a <a href="http://cabbagesofdoom.blogspot.co.uk/2012/12/zooming-round-tree-of-life.html">nice tool for exploring evolution</a>. It includes a time-based animation of the mammalian and amphibian trees. (More taxa will be added.)<br />
<br />
The good news is that when the website is backup, it should have some new features including <a href="http://maptimeblog.blogspot.com.au/2012/12/new-evolving-earth-timepoints-added.html">a second TimeLine</a>. More on this soon. In the meantime, please get in touch if you have any questions or would like more information.Richard Edwardshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16115218690707131186noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4086614040131386588.post-18335850558505674492012-09-26T19:32:00.003+01:002012-09-26T19:32:32.597+01:00Main MapTime site back upThis post is a little overdue but the main MapTime website (<a href="http://www.maptime.co.uk/">www.maptime.co.uk</a>) is now back up and running!Richard Edwardshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16115218690707131186noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4086614040131386588.post-13400468918670527052012-09-11T11:37:00.002+01:002012-09-11T11:39:21.572+01:00Backup website availableThe main website is still down, unfortunately. Whilst it is getting fixed, a backup website is available <a href="http://maptime.cabbagesofdoom.co.uk">here</a>. It should work <a href="http://maptimeblog.blogspot.co.uk/2012/07/how-to-use-maptime.html">as previously described</a> for the main site, although there have been a few tweaks since then.Richard Edwardshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16115218690707131186noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4086614040131386588.post-46631157505487967942012-09-06T21:41:00.002+01:002012-09-06T21:41:53.635+01:00Website downIt appears that the website has gone down again. (Probably another evil robot attack on one of the other servers hosted by the machine.) Apologies for any inconvenience. We will hopefully get it back up soon. Watch this space for updates.Richard Edwardshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16115218690707131186noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4086614040131386588.post-11561213139589112322012-09-02T17:49:00.001+01:002012-10-11T11:09:29.543+01:00Organic Evolution TimeLine and KeywordsThe current <a href="http://maptimeblog.blogspot.co.uk/2012/08/why-use-new-scientist-evolution-of-life.html">Organic Evolution TimeLine</a> has now (finally!) been given a once over to standardise Keywords and remove a few minor typos and errors. (Please report any remaining ones you spot.) The descriptions remain quite short (and URLs are plain text rather than hyperlinked) for now due to technical reasons but hopefully will be expanded in the reasonable near future.
<br><br>
Along with the other TimePoints currently in the system, these can now be found on the <a href="http://maptimeblog.blogspot.co.uk/p/extended-maptime-glossary.html">Extended MapTime Glossary</a> page. (The <a href="http://maptimeblog.blogspot.co.uk/p/maptime-glossary.html">MapTime Glossay</a> does not have TimePoints or Keywords in it.) The TimePoints and Keywords are also summarised below. (Note that on the <a href="http://www.maptime.co.uk/">MapTime website</a>, it is now possible to sort these TimePoints by date, name or edit date.)<br><br><hr>
<h2><center><a href="#A">A</a>
~ <a href="#B">B</a>
~ <a href="#C">C</a>
~ <a href="#D">D</a>
~ <a href="#E">E</a>
~ <a href="#F">F</a>
~ <a href="#G">G</a>
~ <a href="#H">H</a>
~ <a href="#I">I</a>
~ <a href="#K">K</a>
~ <a href="#L">L</a>
~ <a href="#M">M</a>
~ <a href="#O">O</a>
~ <a href="#P">P</a>
~ <a href="#S">S</a>
~ <a href="#T">T</a>
~ <a href="#U">U</a>
~ <a href="#W">W</a></center></h2><hr>
<a name="A"><h2></a>A</h2>
<!-- Agriculture & villages -->
<a name="agriculture_&_villages"><p></a><scaps><b>Agriculture & villages.</b></scaps>
(<a href="#timepoint">TimePoint</a>) 10 <a href="#kya">kya</a>. The beginning of civilization as various <a href="#plant">plants</a> and <a href="#animal">animals</a> were domesticated during the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neolithic_Revolution">Neolithic Revolution</a>. Source: <a href="http://www.newscientist.com/movie/becoming-human">New Scientist</a>. (Keywords: <a href="#history">history</a>, <a href="#human">human</a>, <a href="#technology">technology</a>).</p>
<!-- American Independence -->
<a name="american_independence"><p></a><scaps><b>American Independence.</b></scaps>
(<a href="#timepoint">TimePoint</a>) 1776 AD, 4 July. The US declared independence from the British Empire. Source: <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United<i>States</i>Declaration<i>of</i>Independence">Wikipedia</a>. (Keywords: <a href="#history">history</a>).</p>
<!-- Animal -->
<a name="animal"><p></a><scaps><b>Animal.</b></scaps>
(<a href="#keyword">Keyword</a>) <a href="#timepoint">TimePoints</a> referring to key events in animal <a href="#evolution">evolution</a>.</p>
<!-- Archaeopteryx (early birds) -->
<a name="archaeopteryx_(early_birds)"><p></a><scaps><b>Archaeopteryx (early birds).</b></scaps>
(<a href="#timepoint">TimePoint</a>) 150 <a href="#mya">mya</a>. Archaeopteryx the most famous fossil in the <a href="#evolutionary_history">evolutionary history</a> of birds. Early bird <a href="#evolution">evolution</a> is still subject to debate. Source: <a href="http://www.newscientist.com/article/dn17453-timeline-the-evolution-of-life.html">New Scientist</a> (Keywords: <a href="#animal">animal</a>, <a href="#evolution">evolution</a>, fossils).</p>
<!-- Arthropod crawls onto land -->
<a name="arthropod_crawls_onto_land"><p></a><scaps><b>Arthropod crawls onto land.</b></scaps>
(<a href="#timepoint">TimePoint</a>) 500 <a href="#mya">mya</a>. First exploration of land by euthycarcinoids. Source: <a href="http://www.newscientist.com/article/dn17453-timeline-the-evolution-of-life.html">New Scientist</a>. (Keywords: <a href="#animal">animal</a>, <a href="#evolution">evolution</a>).</p>
<a name="B"><h2></a>B</h2>
<!-- BYA -->
<a name="bya"><p></a><scaps><b>BYA.</b></scaps>
Billion years ago.</p>
<!-- Biblical Creation Myth -->
<a name="biblical_creation_myth"><p></a><scaps><b>Biblical Creation Myth.</b></scaps>
(<a href="#timepoint">TimePoint</a>) 6000 BC. Consensus age of the Earth from calculations based on the Old Testament Creation myth. This <a href="#timepoint">TimePoint</a> featured in the original MapTime paper but has been taken out of the default <a href="#timeline">TimeLine</a> as it stood out as the only non-factual event. We might add an "Age of the Earth" <a href="#timeline">TimeLine</a>, which shows how (much) our understanding has changed over time. Source: <a href="http://www.answersingenesis.org/articles/2007/05/30/how-old-is-earth">AnswersInGenesis</a>.</p>
<!-- Bilateral Symmetry -->
<a name="bilateral_symmetry"><p></a><scaps><b>Bilateral Symmetry.</b></scaps>
(<a href="#timepoint">TimePoint</a>) 630 <a href="#mya">mya</a>. <a href="#animal">Animals</a> evolve bilateral symmetry (a defined "top" and "bottom") as seen in early worm fossils. Source: <a href="http://www.newscientist.com/article/dn17453-timeline-the-evolution-of-life.html?page=2">New Scientist</a>. (Keywords: <a href="#animal">animal</a>, <a href="#evolution">evolution</a>, fossils).</p>
<!-- Bipedal walking -->
<a name="bipedal_walking"><p></a><scaps><b>Bipedal walking.</b></scaps>
(<a href="#timepoint">TimePoint</a>) 5.8 <a href="#mya">mya</a>. Possible bipedal hominids (<i>Orrorin tugenensis</i>). Source: <a href="http://www.newscientist.com/movie/becoming-human">New Scientist</a> (Keywords: <a href="#evolution">evolution</a>, fossils, <a href="#human">human</a>).</p>
<!-- Bronze Age -->
<a name="bronze_age"><p></a><scaps><b>Bronze Age.</b></scaps>
(<a href="#timepoint">TimePoint</a>) 5.5 <a href="#kya">kya</a>. <a href="#human">Humans</a> learn to make and use of bronze. Source: <a href="http://www.newscientist.com/movie/becoming-human">New Scientist</a>. (<a href="#history">history</a>, <a href="#human">human</a>, <a href="#technology">technology</a>).</p>
<a name="C"><h2></a>C</h2>
<!-- Cambrian Explosion -->
<a name="cambrian_explosion"><p></a><scaps><b>Cambrian Explosion.</b></scaps>
(<a href="#timepoint">TimePoint</a>) 535 <a href="#mya">mya</a>. The appearance during the Cambrian of fossils for most major <a href="#animal">animal</a> phyla body forms over a few million years. Source: <a href="http://www.newscientist.com/article/dn17453-timeline-the-evolution-of-life.html">New Scientist</a> (<a href="#animal">animal</a>, <a href="#evolution">evolution</a>, fossils, <a href="#geology">geology</a>).</p>
<!-- Cave Art -->
<a name="cave_art"><p></a><scaps><b>Cave Art.</b></scaps>
(<a href="#timepoint">TimePoint</a>) 35 <a href="#kya">kya</a>. Cave art in Chauvet, France. Source: <a href="http://www.newscientist.com/movie/becoming-human">New Scientist</a> (Keywords: <a href="#history">history</a>, <a href="#human">human</a>).</p>
<!-- Chordates -->
<a name="chordates"><p></a><scaps><b>Chordates.</b></scaps>
(<a href="#timepoint">TimePoint</a>) 540 <a href="#mya">mya</a>. First chordates arise. Source: <a href="http://www.newscientist.com/article/dn17453-timeline-the-evolution-of-life.html">New Scientist</a>. (Keywords: <a href="#animal">animal</a>, <a href="#evolution">evolution</a>).</p>
<!-- Climate -->
<a name="climate"><p></a><scaps><b>Climate.</b></scaps>
(<a href="#keyword">Keyword</a>) <a href="#timepoint">TimePoints</a> referring to key climate events in the Earth's past.</p>
<!-- Clothing/Jewellery -->
<a name="clothing/jewellery"><p></a><scaps><b>Clothing/Jewellery.</b></scaps>
(<a href="#timepoint">TimePoint</a>) 72 <a href="#kya">kya</a>. Earliest known clothing and jewellery. Source: <a href="http://www.newscientist.com/movie/becoming-human">New Scientist</a>. (Keywords: <a href="#history">history</a>, <a href="#human">human</a>, <a href="#technology">technology</a>).</p>
<!-- Cold War Ends -->
<a name="cold_war_ends"><p></a><scaps><b>Cold War Ends.</b></scaps>
(<a href="#timepoint">TimePoint</a>) 1989 AD, 2 December. Bush and Gorbachev announce the end of the Cold War at the Malta summit. The Soviet Union dissolves two years later. Source: <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cold_War">Wikipedia</a>. (Keywords: <a href="#history">history</a>).</p>
<!-- Columbus "discovers" America -->
<a name="columbus_"discovers"_america"><p></a><scaps><b>Columbus "discovers" America.</b></scaps>
(<a href="#timepoint">TimePoint</a>) 1492 AD. Christopher Columbus lands in the Bahamas archipelago during an attempted round-the-world voyage to reach Japan. Source: <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christopher_Columbus">Wikipedia</a>. (Keywords: <a href="#history">history</a>).</p>
<a name="D"><h2></a>D</h2>
<!-- Destination -->
<a name="destination"><p></a><scaps><b>Destination.</b></scaps>
The end point for your <a href="#timeroute">TimeRoute</a> where the final <a href="#timepoint">TimePoint</a> will be placed. Typically, the present day (represented in the default <a href="#timeline">TimeLine</a> by the creation of MapTime).</p>
<a name="E"><h2></a>E</h2>
<!-- Eukaryotic Cells -->
<a name="eukaryotic_cells"><p></a><scaps><b>Eukaryotic Cells.</b></scaps>
(<a href="#timepoint">TimePoint</a>) 2 <a href="#bya">bya</a>. Eukaryotes arise by endosymbiosis. Source: <a href="http://www.newscientist.com/article/dn17453-timeline-the-evolution-of-life.html">New Scientist</a> (Keywords: <a href="#animal">animal</a>, <a href="#evolution">evolution</a>, <a href="#plant">plant</a>).</p>
<!-- Evolution -->
<a name="evolution"><p></a><scaps><b>Evolution.</b></scaps>
(<a href="#keyword">Keyword</a>) <a href="#timepoint">TimePoints</a> referring key events in <a href="#organic_evolution">organic evolution</a>.</p>
<!-- Evolutionary history -->
<a name="evolutionary_history"><p></a><scaps><b>Evolutionary history.</b></scaps>
See <a href="#evolution">evolution</a>.</p>
<a name="F"><h2></a>F</h2>
<!-- Flowers -->
<a name="flowers"><p></a><scaps><b>Flowers.</b></scaps>
(<a href="#timepoint">TimePoint</a>) 130 <a href="#mya">mya</a>. The first angiosperms (flowering plants) emerge. Source: <a href="http://www.newscientist.com/article/dn17453-timeline-the-evolution-of-life.html">New Scientist</a> (Keywords: <a href="#evolution">evolution</a>, <a href="#plant">plant</a>).</p>
<!-- Formation of Earth -->
<a name="formation_of_earth"><p></a><scaps><b>Formation of Earth.</b></scaps>
(<a href="#timepoint">TimePoint</a>) 4.54 <a href="#bya">bya</a>. Approximate age of Earth. (Time of accretion not known.) Source: <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Age<i>of</i>the<i>Earth)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Age<i>of</i>the</i>Earth">Wikipedia</a>. (Keywords: <a href="#geology">geology</a>).</p>
<a name="G"><h2></a>G</h2>
<!-- Geology -->
<a name="geology"><p></a><scaps><b>Geology.</b></scaps>
(<a href="#keyword">Keyword</a>) <a href="#timepoint">TimePoints</a> referring to key geological events in the Earth's past.</p>
<!-- Grass -->
<a name="grass"><p></a><scaps><b>Grass.</b></scaps>
(<a href="#timepoint">TimePoint</a>) 70 <a href="#mya">mya</a>. First grasses evolve. Source: <a href="http://www.newscientist.com/article/dn17453-timeline-the-evolution-of-life.html">New Scientist</a> (Keywords: <a href="#evolution">evolution</a>, <a href="#plant">plant</a>).</p>
<a name="H"><h2></a>H</h2>
<!-- Hiroshima -->
<a name="hiroshima"><p></a><scaps><b>Hiroshima.</b></scaps>
(<a href="#timepoint">TimePoint</a>) 1945 AD, 6 August. The first use of an atomic weapon. A 13-18 kt atomic bomb was dropped on the Japanese city of Hiroshima during the latter stages of WWII. Source: <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atomic<i>bombings</i>of<i>Hiroshima</i>and_Nagasaki">Wikipedia</a>. (Keywords: <a href="#history">history</a>, <a href="#technology">technology</a>).</p>
<!-- History -->
<a name="history"><p></a><scaps><b>History.</b></scaps>
(<a href="#keyword">Keyword</a>) <a href="#timepoint">TimePoints</a> referring to events from <a href="#human">human</a> history.</p>
<!-- Homo sapiens appears -->
<a name="homo_sapiens_appears"><p></a><scaps><b>Homo sapiens appears.</b></scaps>
(<a href="#timepoint">TimePoint</a>) 195 <a href="#kya">kya</a>. The first <i>Homo sapiens</i>. Anatomically modern <a href="#human">humans</a> appear 100-300kya. See <a href="http://maptimeblog.blogspot.co.uk/2012/08/new-timepoint-added-first-humans-195-kya.html">blog entry</a> for more details. Source: <a href="http://www.newscientist.com/movie/becoming-human">New Scientist</a>. (Keywords: <a href="#evolution">evolution</a>, <a href="#human">human</a>).</p>
<!-- Human -->
<a name="human"><p></a><scaps><b>Human.</b></scaps>
(<a href="#keyword">Keyword</a>) <a href="#timepoint">TimePoints</a> referring to human <a href="#evolution">evolution</a> or <a href="#history">history</a>, including pre-historic non-organic events such as the invention of <a href="#stone_tools">stone tools</a>.</p>
<!-- Humans diverge from Chimps -->
<a name="humans_diverge_from_chimps"><p></a><scaps><b>Humans diverge from Chimps.</b></scaps>
(<a href="#timepoint">TimePoint</a>) 6 <a href="#mya">mya</a>. Most recent common ancestor of <a href="#human">humans</a> and chimps. Source: <a href="http://www.newscientist.com/article/dn17453-timeline-the-evolution-of-life.html">New Scientist</a>. (Keywords: <a href="#animal">animal</a>, <a href="#evolution">evolution</a>, <a href="#human">human</a>).</p>
<a name="I"><h2></a>I</h2>
<!-- Insects and woody plants -->
<a name="insects_and_woody_plants"><p></a><scaps><b>Insects and woody plants.</b></scaps>
(<a href="#timepoint">TimePoint</a>) 400 <a href="#mya">mya</a> First insects and woody plants. Source: <a href="http://www.newscientist.com/article/dn17453-timeline-the-evolution-of-life.html">New Scientist</a>. (Keywords: <a href="#animal">animal</a>, <a href="#evolution">evolution</a>, <a href="#plant">plant</a>).</p>
<a name="K"><h2></a>K</h2>
<!-- K/T Extinction -->
<a name="k/t_extinction"><p></a><scaps><b>K/T Extinction.</b></scaps>
(<a href="#timepoint">TimePoint</a>) 65 <a href="#mya">mya</a>. The mass extinction at the Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary. End of the dinosaurs. Source: <a href="http://www.newscientist.com/article/dn17453-timeline-the-evolution-of-life.html">New Scientist</a>. (Keywords: <a href="#animal">animal</a>, <a href="#evolution">evolution</a>, fossils).</p>
<!-- KYA -->
<a name="kya"><p></a><scaps><b>KYA.</b></scaps>
Thousand years ago.</p>
<!-- Keyword -->
<a name="keyword"><p></a><scaps><b>Keyword.</b></scaps>
Each <a href="#timepoint">TimePoint</a> is tagged with a number of keywords. These are predominantly to aid searching for custom <a href="#timeline">TimeLine</a> assembly.</p>
<a name="L"><h2></a>L</h2>
<!-- Land Plants -->
<a name="land_plants"><p></a><scaps><b>Land Plants.</b></scaps>
(<a href="#timepoint">TimePoint</a>) 465 <a href="#mya">mya</a>. <a href="#plant">Plants</a> begin colonizing the land. Source: <a href="http://www.newscientist.com/article/dn17453-timeline-the-evolution-of-life.html">New Scientist</a>. (Keywords: <a href="#evolution">evolution</a>, <a href="#plant">plant</a>).</p>
<a name="M"><h2></a>M</h2>
<!-- MYA -->
<a name="mya"><p></a><scaps><b>MYA.</b></scaps>
Million years ago.</p>
<!-- Major Transitions -->
<a name="major_transitions"><p></a><scaps><b>Major Transitions.</b></scaps>
The "Major Transitions" in <a href="#evolution">evolution</a> represent key events that appear to have happened once in <a href="#evolutionary_history">evolutionary history</a>.</p>
<!-- Mammals -->
<a name="mammals"><p></a><scaps><b>Mammals.</b></scaps>
(<a href="#timepoint">TimePoint</a>) 180 <a href="#mya">mya</a>. Monotremes diverge from other mammals. Source: <a href="http://www.newscientist.com/article/dn17453-timeline-the-evolution-of-life.html">New Scientist</a> (Keywords: <a href="#animal">animal</a>, <a href="#evolution">evolution</a>).</p>
<!-- Multicellularity -->
<a name="multicellularity"><p></a><scaps><b>Multicellularity.</b></scaps>
(<a href="#timepoint">TimePoint</a>) 900 <a href="#mya">mya</a>. First multicellular organisms. One of the <a href="#major_transitions">Major Transitions</a> in <a href="#evolution">evolution</a>. Source: <a href="http://www.newscientist.com/article/dn17453-timeline-the-evolution-of-life.html?page=1">New Scientist</a>. (Keywords: <a href="#animal">animal</a>, <a href="#plant">plant</a>, <a href="#evolution">evolution</a>).</p>
<a name="O"><h2></a>O</h2>
<!-- Organic Evolution -->
<a name="organic_evolution"><p></a><scaps><b>Organic Evolution.</b></scaps>
(<a href="#timeline">TimeLine</a>) The default <a href="#timeline">TimeLine</a> based loosely on the MapTime paper plotting the <a href="#evolution">evolution</a> of life on Earth. Makes heavy use of <a href="http://www.newscientist.com/article/dn17453-timeline-the-evolution-of-life.html">The New Scientist Evolution of Life</a> website.</p>
<!-- Out of Africa -->
<a name="out_of_africa"><p></a><scaps><b>Out of Africa.</b></scaps>
(<a href="#timepoint">TimePoint</a>) 1.8 <a href="#mya">mya</a>. The first migration of <a href="#human">human</a> ancestors out of Africa. Source: <a href="http://www.newscientist.com/movie/becoming-human">New Scientist</a> (Keywords: <a href="#evolution">evolution</a>, <a href="#human">human</a>).</p>
<!-- Oxygen Atmosphere -->
<a name="oxygen_atmosphere"><p></a><scaps><b>Oxygen Atmosphere.</b></scaps>
(<a href="#timepoint">TimePoint</a>) 2.4 <a href="#bya">bya</a>. Oxidizing atmosphere appears. Source: <a href="http://www.newscientist.com/article/dn17453-timeline-the-evolution-of-life.html?page=1">New Scientist</a>. (Keywords: <a href="#climate">climate</a>).</p>
<a name="P"><h2></a>P</h2>
<!-- Permian Extinction -->
<a name="permian_extinction"><p></a><scaps><b>Permian Extinction.</b></scaps>
(<a href="#timepoint">TimePoint</a>) 250 <a href="#mya">mya</a>. The largest mass extinction in Earth's <a href="#history">history</a>, at the end of the Permian. Source: <a href="http://www.newscientist.com/article/dn17453-timeline-the-evolution-of-life.html?full=true">New Scientist</a>. (Keywords: <a href="#evolution">evolution</a>, fossils, <a href="#geology">geology</a>).</p>
<!-- Photosynthesis -->
<a name="photosynthesis"><p></a><scaps><b>Photosynthesis.</b></scaps>
(<a href="#timepoint">TimePoint</a>) 2.15 <a href="#bya">bya</a>. Earliest undisputed cyanobacteria fossils. Source: <a href="http://www.newscientist.com/article/dn17453-timeline-the-evolution-of-life.html">New Scientist</a>. (Keywords: <a href="#evolution">evolution</a>, fossils, <a href="#plant">plant</a>).</p>
<!-- Plant -->
<a name="plant"><p></a><scaps><b>Plant.</b></scaps>
(<a href="#keyword">Keyword</a>) <a href="#timepoint">TimePoints</a> referring to key events in plant <a href="#evolution">evolution</a>.</p>
<a name="S"><h2></a>S</h2>
<!-- Single Celled Life -->
<a name="single_celled_life"><p></a><scaps><b>Single Celled Life.</b></scaps>
(<a href="#timepoint">TimePoint</a>) 3.5 <a href="#bya">bya</a>. Oldest single celled fossil. Source: <a href="http://www.newscientist.com/article/dn17453-timeline-the-evolution-of-life.html?page=1">New Scientist</a>. (Keywords: <a href="#evolution">evolution</a>, fossils).</p>
<!-- Snowball Earth -->
<a name="snowball_earth"><p></a><scaps><b>Snowball Earth.</b></scaps>
(<a href="#timepoint">TimePoint</a>) 2.3 <a href="#bya">bya</a>. Extreme global <a href="#climate">climate</a> change as Earth freezes over. Source: <a href="http://www.newscientist.com/article/dn17453-timeline-the-evolution-of-life.html">New Scientist</a>. (Keywords: <a href="#geology">geology</a>, <a href="#climate">climate</a>).</p>
<!-- Starting Point -->
<a name="starting_point"><p></a><scaps><b>Starting Point.</b></scaps>
This refers to the first (oldest) <a href="#timepoint">TimePoint</a> on the <a href="#timeline">TimeLine</a>. MapTime is designed to visualises a <a href="#timeline">TimeLine</a> as a journey that ends at the current location representing the present day.</p>
<!-- Stone Tools -->
<a name="stone_tools"><p></a><scaps><b>Stone Tools.</b></scaps>
(<a href="#timepoint">TimePoint</a>) 2.5 <a href="#mya">mya</a>. First stone tools. Source: <a href="http://www.newscientist.com/movie/becoming-human">New Scientist</a>. (Keywords: <a href="#human">human</a>, <a href="#evolution">evolution</a>, <a href="#technology">technology</a>).</p>
<a name="T"><h2></a>T</h2>
<!-- Technology -->
<a name="technology"><p></a><scaps><b>Technology.</b></scaps>
(<a href="#keyword">Keyword</a>) <a href="#timepoint">TimePoints</a> reflecting technological advances in <a href="#human">human</a> <a href="#history">history</a> or pre-history.</p>
<!-- Tetrapods -->
<a name="tetrapods"><p></a><scaps><b>Tetrapods.</b></scaps>
(<a href="#timepoint">TimePoint</a>) 397 <a href="#mya">mya</a>. First evidence for tetrapods (four-legged animals). Source: <a href="http://www.newscientist.com/article/dn17453-timeline-the-evolution-of-life.html?full=true">New Scientist</a>. (Keywords: <a href="#animal">animal</a>, <a href="#evolution">evolution</a>).</p>
<!-- TimeLine -->
<a name="timeline"><p></a><scaps><b>TimeLine.</b></scaps>
A TimeLine is a collection of TimePoints, usually grouped by a particular theme. The Default TimeLine is <a href="#organic_evolution">Organic Evolution</a> TimeLine based on the MapTime paper.</p>
<!-- TimePoint -->
<a name="timepoint"><p></a><scaps><b>TimePoint.</b></scaps>
A TimePoint is an event on a <a href="#timeline">TimeLine</a> that will be mapped onto the appropriate place along the <a href="#timeroute">TimeRoute</a>. The youngest TimePoint is first placed at the <a href="#destination">destination</a> of the route, the youngest is placed at the <a href="#starting_point">starting point</a> and then the remaining points are spaced out according to scale along the route plotted by Google Maps.</p>
<!-- TimeRoute -->
<a name="timeroute"><p></a><scaps><b>TimeRoute.</b></scaps>
Once a <a href="#timeline">TimeLine</a> has been plotted on Google Maps, it is known as a TimeRoute.</p>
<a name="U"><h2></a>U</h2>
<!-- Use of Fire -->
<a name="use_of_fire"><p></a><scaps><b>Use of Fire.</b></scaps>
(<a href="#timepoint">TimePoint</a>) 1.6 <a href="#mya">mya</a>. <a href="#human">Human</a> ancestors first use fire. Source: <a href="http://www.newscientist.com/movie/becoming-human">New Scientist</a> (Keywords: <a href="#human">human</a>, <a href="#evolution">evolution</a>, <a href="#technology">technology</a>).</p>
<a name="W"><h2></a>W</h2>
<!-- Warm bloodedness -->
<a name="warm_bloodedness"><p></a><scaps><b>Warm bloodedness.</b></scaps>
(<a href="#timepoint">TimePoint</a>) 200 <a href="#mya">mya</a>. Earliest warm blooded proto-mammals. Source: <a href="http://www.newscientist.com/article/dn17453-timeline-the-evolution-of-life.html">New Scientist</a>. (Keywords: <a href="#animal">animal</a>, <a href="#evolution">evolution</a>).</p>
<!-- Writing -->
<a name="writing"><p></a><scaps><b>Writing.</b></scaps>
(<a href="#timepoint">TimePoint</a>) 5 <a href="#kya">kya</a>. The first writing is developed by the Sumerians in southern Mesopotamia. Source: <a href="http://www.newscientist.com/movie/becoming-human">New Scientist</a>. (Keywords: <a href="#human">human</a>, <a href="#history">history</a>, <a href="#technology">technology</a>).</p>
Richard Edwardshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16115218690707131186noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4086614040131386588.post-88911054478838121462012-08-16T00:49:00.002+01:002012-08-16T00:49:59.169+01:00New TimePoint added: first humans (195 kya) <div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="http://www.newscientist.com/article/dn3814-dawn-of-human-race-uncovered.html" imageanchor="1" style="clear:left; float:left;margin-right:1em; margin-bottom:1em"><img border="0" src="http://www.newscientist.com/data/images/ns/cms/dn3814/dn3814-1_185.jpg" /></a></div>Following some feedback, we have added a new TimePoint to the default Organic Evolution TimeLine. Modern humans arose somewhere in the region of <a href="http://www.newscientist.com/article/dn3814-dawn-of-human-race-uncovered.html">100,000 to 300,000 years ago</a>. (Marking age uncertainty is on the development wishlist!)<br />
<br />
As <a href="http://maptimeblog.blogspot.co.uk/2012/08/why-use-new-scientist-evolution-of-life.html">previously indicated</a>, we are currently basing much of the default TimeLine on the <a href="http://www.newscientist.com/article/dn17453-timeline-the-evolution-of-life.html?full=true#">New Scientist Evolution</a> and <a href="http://www.newscientist.com/movie/becoming-human">Becoming Human</a> timelines, which place this particular event at 195,000 years ago. It seemed like a gap in the current TimeLine and a useful TimePoint to have. <br />
<br />
More information regarding our default TimeLine will follow shortly.Richard Edwardshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16115218690707131186noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4086614040131386588.post-19176065439544924172012-08-11T22:19:00.000+01:002012-08-11T22:19:02.703+01:00E-mail working again!E-mail forwarding seems to be happy again. Comments and suggestions can once again be directed to <a href="webmaster@maptime.co.uk">webmaster[at]maptime.co.uk</a>.Richard Edwardshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16115218690707131186noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4086614040131386588.post-77378531521108406712012-08-11T10:32:00.001+01:002012-08-11T21:36:08.050+01:00E-mail issuesIt appears that the service provider that should be forwarding on our @maptime.co.uk email addresses is <i>not</i> currently forwarding them on. We are investigating the matter and will hopefully get it sorted out soon (or change the contact email addresses). In the meantime, if you have any comments, suggestions or queries please contact Richard Edwards: <a href="mailto:r.edwards@soton.ac.uk">r.edwards[at]soton.ac.uk</a> or Joel Parker: <a href="mailto:joel.parker@plattsburgh.edu">joel.parker[at]plattsburgh.edu</a>.Richard Edwardshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16115218690707131186noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4086614040131386588.post-54308958246927627402012-08-10T22:58:00.000+01:002012-08-10T22:58:04.432+01:00MapTime TerminologyA <a href="http://maptimeblog.blogspot.co.uk/p/maptime-glossary.html">Glossary of key terms</a> is now available. This will be expanded in time to include the key TimePoints, TimeLines and Keywords from the <a href="http://www.maptime.co.uk">website</a>. If any confusing terms are missing, or any of the terms listed still do not make sense, please let us know.
<hr><center><h2><a href="#D">D</a>
~ <a href="#G">G</a>
~ <a href="#K">K</a>
~ <a href="#M">M</a>
~ <a href="#S">S</a>
~ <a href="#T">T</a></h2></center><hr>
<a name="D"><h2></a>D</h2>
<!-- Deep Time -->
<a name="deep_time"><p></a><scaps><b>Deep Time.</b></scaps>
Deep Time refers to the vastness of the geologic timescale. The formation of Earth occurred some 4.54 billion years ago. This is a timescale that is hard for the human mind to visualise - hence the <a href="#maptime">MapTime</a> approach of using <a href="#google_maps">Google Maps</a>!</p>
<!-- Destination -->
<a name="destination"><p></a><scaps><b>Destination.</b></scaps>
The end point for your <a href="#timeroute">TimeRoute</a> where the final <a href="#timepoint">TimePoint</a> will be placed. Typically, the present day (represented in the default <a href="#timeline">TimeLine</a> by the creation of <a href="#maptime">MapTime</a>).</p>
<a name="G"><h2></a>G</h2>
<!-- Google Earth -->
<a name="google_earth"><p></a><scaps><b>Google Earth.</b></scaps>
The original <a href="#maptime_paper">MapTime paper</a> made use of <a href="http://earth.google.com">Google Earth</a> in place of <a href="#google_maps">Google Maps</a>. Google Earth has a few more options for controlling the <a href="#timeroute">TimeRoute</a> and we are currently looking into ways to export <a href="#timeroute">TimeRoutes</a> from <a href="#maptime">MapTime</a> to open up in Google Earth.</p>
<!-- Google Maps -->
<a name="google_maps"><p></a><scaps><b>Google Maps.</b></scaps>
<a href="http://maps.google.com">Google Maps</a> is a free, widely known service which lends itself perfectly to the <a href="#maptime">MapTime</a> concept and is free for non-profit use within the scope of the project.</p>
<a name="K"><h2></a>K</h2>
<!-- Keyword -->
<a name="keyword"><p></a><scaps><b>Keyword.</b></scaps>
Each <a href="#timepoint">TimePoint</a> is tagged with a number of keywords. These are predominantly to aid searching for custom <a href="#timeline">TimeLine</a> assembly.</p>
<a name="M"><h2></a>M</h2>
<!-- MapTime -->
<a name="maptime"><p></a><scaps><b>MapTime.</b></scaps>
The MapTime project for visualising <a href="#deep_time">Deep Time</a> using <a href="#google_maps">Google Maps</a>, available at <a href="http://www.maptime.co.uk">www.maptime.co.uk</a>.</p>
<!-- MapTime Blog -->
<a name="maptime_blog"><p></a><scaps><b>MapTime Blog.</b></scaps>
A blog of all things <a href="#maptime">MapTime</a> available at <a href="http://maptimeblogbgy.blogspot.co.uk">blogspot</a>.</p>
<!-- MapTime Paper -->
<a name="maptime_paper"><p></a><scaps><b>MapTime Paper.</b></scaps>
The original paper: <a href="http://learningcenter.nsta.org/product_detail.aspx?id=10.2505/4/jcst11_040_05_23">Parker, J. D. (2011) Using Google Earth to Teach the Magnitude of Deep Time. Journal of College Science Teaching 40(5): 23-27</a>.</p>
<!-- MapTimeline -->
<a name="maptimeline"><p></a><scaps><b>MapTimeline.</b></scaps>
(Obselete term.) See <a href="#timeroute">TimeRoute</a>.</p>
<a name="S"><h2></a>S</h2>
<!-- Starting Point -->
<a name="starting_point"><p></a><scaps><b>Starting Point.</b></scaps>
This refers to the first (oldest) <a href="#timepoint">TimePoint</a> on the <a href="#timeline">TimeLine</a>. <a href="#maptime">MapTime</a> is designed to visualises a <a href="#timeline">TimeLine</a> as a journey that ends at the current location representing the present day.</p>
<a name="T"><h2></a>T</h2>
<!-- TimeLine -->
<a name="timeline"><p></a><scaps><b>TimeLine.</b></scaps>
A TimeLine is a collection of TimePoints, usually grouped by a particular theme. The Default TimeLine is Organic Evolution TimeLine based on the <a href="#maptime_paper">MapTime paper</a>.</p>
<!-- TimePoint -->
<a name="timepoint"><p></a><scaps><b>TimePoint.</b></scaps>
A TimePoint is an event on a <a href="#timeline">TimeLine</a> that will be mapped onto the appropriate place along the route. The youngest TimePoint is first placed at the <a href="#destination">destination</a> of the route, the youngest is placed at the <a href="#starting_point">starting point</a> and then the remaining points are spaced out according to scale along the route plotted by <a href="#google_maps">Google Maps</a>.</p>
<!-- TimeRoute -->
<a name="timeroute"><p></a><scaps><b>TimeRoute.</b></scaps>
Once a <a href="#timeline">TimeLine</a> has been plotted on <a href="#google_maps">Google Maps</a>, it is known as a TimeRoute.</p>Richard Edwardshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16115218690707131186noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4086614040131386588.post-45409435257257570162012-08-08T19:12:00.000+01:002012-08-10T22:58:35.083+01:00Funding updateUnfortunately, the small grant application we had in with the HEA has been unsuccessful. We are exploring other options but would appreciate being alerted to any opportunities that we might not be aware of. (We are just trying to find a few thousand pounds to pay our excellent developer so that she can dedicate some time to the project, plus organise some workshops <i>etc.</i> once it's fully up and running.)Richard Edwardshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16115218690707131186noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4086614040131386588.post-24040486145832705812012-08-07T17:39:00.001+01:002015-06-20T07:33:42.131+01:00Why use The New Scientist evolution of life timeline?As <a href="http://maptimeblog.blogspot.co.uk/2012/07/how-to-use-maptime.html">previously mentioned</a>, the majority of the current <a href="http://www.maptime.co.uk/pages/view/listTimepoints.php">Time Points</a> for the default Timeline on the <a href="http://www.maptime.co.uk/">MapTime website</a> have been taken from <a href="http://www.newscientist.com/article/dn17453-timeline-the-evolution-of-life.html">The New Scientist evolution of life</a> website. Why?<br />
<br />
When we first set out to establish the default Timeline for the website, we were trying to get a good balance of three desired attributes:<ol><li>contain the real "key" events in organic evolution.<br />
<li>have supporting literature where possible.<br />
<li>have as much overlap as possible with the <a href="http://learningcenter.nsta.org/product_detail.aspx?id=10.2505/4/jcst11_040_05_23">original MapTime paper</a>.</ol>The initial plan was to pick an Evolution textbook with a nice timeline and use that. <a href="http://www.evolution-textbook.org">Evolution</a> by Barton <i>et al.</i>, for example, has nice timeline inside the front cover. The problem with this was that we could not find any credits or sources for the illustration. (It was also missing a few of the events from the original paper.) Looking at other books on our shelves lead to similar problems. We are not Deep Time experts and are not aiming to endorse certain dates or theories over others - we just want to provide a useful tool for the community.
In the end, we settled on <a href="http://www.newscientist.com/article/dn17453-timeline-the-evolution-of-life.html">The New Scientist evolution of life</a> website because it not only covered many of the events from the MapTime paper but it also contains links out to articles - including, in many cases, the original literature. If you visit the site, you will notice that we haven't included <i>all</i> of the Time Points. There are rather a lot! If your favourite one is missing, let us know. For the more recent events that are not covered by this Timeline we have, for the moment, relied on Wikipedia and Google to "crowd source" the date.
We don't intend to stick exclusively with this Timeline forever, although we will keep the Time Points in the website. The <a href="http://maptimeblog.blogspot.co.uk/p/planned-developments.html">planned developments</a> for MapTime include the opportunity to add your own Time Point and Timelines. We would still like to maintain a scientifically accurate, and educationally useful, default timeline, though. We therefore welcome feedback and suggestions - not just in terms of the key events but also corrections to the accepted dates. We do ask for peer-reviewed citations for any requested additions/corrections, though.Richard Edwardshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16115218690707131186noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4086614040131386588.post-17862541498000917692012-07-31T18:02:00.000+01:002012-07-31T20:29:42.282+01:00Natural History Museum launch Evolution iPad app<a href="http://www.nhm.ac.uk/"><img border="0" height="93" width="207" align="left" style="margin-right:10px" src="http://www.nhm.ac.uk/includes/images/generic/logos/nhm/nhmButterflyEggLogo.jpg" /></a>This is slightly old news now but the British <a href="http://www.nhm.ac.uk/index.html">Natural History Museum</a> has launched a <a href="http://www.nhm.ac.uk/about-us/news/2012/july/new-nhm-evolution-ipad-app-launched112098.html?dm_i=I1,W47R,3PIQBI,2OID8,1">new Evolution iPad app</a>, available from the <a href="http://itunes.apple.com/gb/app/nhm-evolution/id531682298?mt=8">iTunes App Store</a> for £9.99 (or <a href="http://itunes.apple.com/us/app/nhm-evolution/id531682298?mt=8">$13.99</a>). It looks lovely and features a whole bunch of ways for interactively exploring evolutionary timelines. When time and development permits, we will make some custom timelines to accompany those resources. Watch this space!<br />
<br />Richard Edwardshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16115218690707131186noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4086614040131386588.post-69590904929332932372012-07-23T19:30:00.002+01:002012-07-23T19:30:45.764+01:00Website back up!The MapTime website is now back up an running!<br />
<br />
<center><a href="http://www.maptime.co.uk/">www.maptime.co.uk</a> (or just <a href="http://maptime.co.uk/">maptime.co.uk</a>)</center><br />
Please see the post from a couple of weeks ago for instructions on <a href="http://maptimeblog.blogspot.co.uk/2012/07/how-to-use-maptime.html">how to use MapTime</a>. As always, <a href="mailto:webmaster@maptime.co.uk">feedback</a> is welcome. Now that the site is up and running again, we hope to report on some minor tweaks and updates soon.Richard Edwardshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16115218690707131186noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4086614040131386588.post-58550317079834745242012-07-23T16:34:00.001+01:002012-07-23T16:37:37.673+01:00Website back online soon!The <a href="http://www.maptime.co.uk">MapTime website</a> is still down after the server housing it was hacked by what seems to be an automated attack exploiting a weakness somewhere else on the same virtual server. It is in the process of being rebuilt and we expect usual service to return some time this week. Apologies for any inconvenience caused. (One of the drawbacks of currently having no funding to support the project!)Richard Edwardshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16115218690707131186noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4086614040131386588.post-58287497373276344212012-07-11T12:04:00.002+01:002012-07-23T16:34:23.711+01:00Website down!As with most young projects, we are encountering some teething troubles and the MapTime website is currently down. We are working to resume normal service and I will post an update here once the site is back! (Sorry!)Richard Edwardshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16115218690707131186noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4086614040131386588.post-64455796548626930432012-07-04T16:58:00.001+01:002013-05-03T09:54:49.997+01:00How to use MapTime<a href="http://www.maptime.co.uk">MapTime</a> is still in development and documentation is in the process of being written around the day jobs of those involved. For the first-time user, here is a quick guide to how to use the website. This will be fleshed out into some more informative documentation in time, so please let us know which bits are particularly unclear or need more explanation.<br />
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The MapTime website (<a href="http://www.maptime.co.uk">www.maptime.co.uk</a>) currently has only a single TimeLine. (This will be explained in a future post.) You do not, therefore, need to worry about which TimeLine or TimePoints to use when you first visit the site - the only thing to worry about is where you want the course of Organic Evolution to be plotted. Click on the "TimePoint" tab if you want an explanation of the current time points in the system, or just click "TimeLine" to get started. <i>[<b>Note.</b> Since the addition of multiple TimeLines, you now need to choose a TimeLine and click "View TimeLine" to get started - or click on the <a href="http://www.maptime.co.uk/pages/view/timeroute.php?tlid=13&tlname=Organic+Evolution+TimeLine">Organic Evolution</a> tab.]</i><br />
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This will open up the main TimeLine page, which lists, for your information, the time points that will be plotted. Most of these come from <a href="http://www.newscientist.com/article/dn17453-timeline-the-evolution-of-life.html">The New Scientist evolution of life</a> page, for reasons we will explain another time. For now, just scroll down to the map so that you can get started.<br />
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To make a MapTimeline, you only really need two things: (1) an end point, usually where you currently are (or intend to give your Deep Time lecture), and (2) a start point, which should be somewhere your audience will know. At this stage, it matters not if you do not have a (2) - you can always experiment later. To give an example that will hopefully resonate with most people, I will create a MapTimeline that goes from <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_o'_Groats">John o'Groats</a> in Scotland to <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Land%27s_End">Land's End</a> in Cornwall - the furthest two points apart on the British mainland.<br />
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgA0nhpnYktEmpMQ_Joxx6AexF08TUQXiCxbznrZLoi_qcKc6RU8wb9jNdYLYNTwYa4OcFTUgIcBFmEbFanN0q0WxNN7can44WF2zSoHXRGKVTD_H2zoIKTNl1oSd7yKAj3pQ9Aote9j5BD/s1600/MapTime1.01-PickEnd.png"><img border="0" width="100%" style="margin-top:5px;margin-bottom:5px" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgA0nhpnYktEmpMQ_Joxx6AexF08TUQXiCxbznrZLoi_qcKc6RU8wb9jNdYLYNTwYa4OcFTUgIcBFmEbFanN0q0WxNN7can44WF2zSoHXRGKVTD_H2zoIKTNl1oSd7yKAj3pQ9Aote9j5BD/s600/MapTime1.01-PickEnd.png" /></a><br />
The first step is to choose the <b>end point</b> of your MapTimeline. This will correspond to the present day. You can do this either by searching for a location (enter the name in the box and click "Find Location") or just by clicking on the map. Feel free to pan or zoom but <b>resist the urge to maximise the map</b> at this point. In the current implementation, this will hide all the buttons and you'll get stuck! (Something that is on the list of things to change.)<br />
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiYzd8RfvrDg7s7N_BBA1ocLto5GfeyXXL3k3SVMI2NMaXO5U62HklvkJBiARUiZlwb8Hhag87w-mP_WgcXHPMzCufa3vPMmv16XV3sh1gGSuo7_HOO2-hFkofjmBU6_kCcBZE1x3nWSxG1/s1600/MapTime1.02b-HappyEndZoom.png"><img style="margin-top:5px;margin-bottom:5px" border="0" width="100%" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiYzd8RfvrDg7s7N_BBA1ocLto5GfeyXXL3k3SVMI2NMaXO5U62HklvkJBiARUiZlwb8Hhag87w-mP_WgcXHPMzCufa3vPMmv16XV3sh1gGSuo7_HOO2-hFkofjmBU6_kCcBZE1x3nWSxG1/s600/MapTime1.02b-HappyEndZoom.png" /></a><br />
Once you have selected an initial point on the map, pan and zoom using the usual Google Map controls (click and drag to pan, double-click to zoom in, double-right-click to zoom out) to get a closer look and drag the marker around until it is just where you want it. If giving a lecture, try to get it on the building. (Note that we have not yet tested it extensively with buildings that are a long way from roads - please report any anomalies with the ultimate MapTimeline.) Once you are happy, click "Happy with Destination", which will bring up a red circle:<br />
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjYqxrEywAsQ_a8cdiFS-FOmn0km43mtYFTUlPqupMaIqzOT4d3xT20dRAO8yBmzhhPCQnI_JawxDuPAonBDSTXg9Ews9bzvSrW7PELnO1DjyYUIK-pAYo-jMTkPEPNaRxynh7uPQ2Pm4V-/s1600/MapTime1.03-PickStartCircle.png" ><img style="margin-top:5px;margin-bottom:5px" border="0" width="100%" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjYqxrEywAsQ_a8cdiFS-FOmn0km43mtYFTUlPqupMaIqzOT4d3xT20dRAO8yBmzhhPCQnI_JawxDuPAonBDSTXg9Ews9bzvSrW7PELnO1DjyYUIK-pAYo-jMTkPEPNaRxynh7uPQ2Pm4V-/s600/MapTime1.03-PickStartCircle.png" /></a><br />
This circle represents the minimum suggested distance for use with Deep Time, such that 40 years is 1mm and thus a human life is still visible. For different TimeLines in future, this distance will be different. As with the Destination, you can either search for your desired location (I searched for "John O Groats, Scotland") or manually place the Start point.<br />
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj1Gz1-FkuBn08JCu_REDaZurrg79S_XiIk6Xb7Ac-KKklF7II4C7KmVO22y8LS_mj9umnc8C58KqPbuW0yzfUUcqmFcr3KqWg37i9OMOGRJS0J99TJE3ysUSzoOfUPx-0P0hkkCBHfzZDf/s1600/MapTime1.04-HappyStart.png" ><img border="0" style="margin-top:5px;margin-bottom:5px" width="100%" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj1Gz1-FkuBn08JCu_REDaZurrg79S_XiIk6Xb7Ac-KKklF7II4C7KmVO22y8LS_mj9umnc8C58KqPbuW0yzfUUcqmFcr3KqWg37i9OMOGRJS0J99TJE3ysUSzoOfUPx-0P0hkkCBHfzZDf/s600/MapTime1.04-HappyStart.png" /></a><br />
<b>Note: you may have to pan the map to find your Start point pin, even if you search for a location.</b> Currently, the map stays on the Destination, so zoom and pan until you find your Start point. As with the destination, you have the option of moving the pin around until you are happy. Then click "Happy with Start Location". At this stage, you also need to choose whether you want Driving Directions or Walking Directions.<br />
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjkewGGhvfEj9M_o-slLPKNgLkaQR0_ZKaGvxErLZABJENC33nbf9R1MFn0PHXMg1mcuiA53WUlgIOLSzG7f_XW6uOPnVZSl_H9cJ0OAhoenJT8uF3yNUPtxgaVUGngo_KXD8xIxL22OpJ7/s1600/MapTime1.05-PlaceEvents.png"><img border="0" style="margin-top:5px;margin-bottom:5px" width="100%" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjkewGGhvfEj9M_o-slLPKNgLkaQR0_ZKaGvxErLZABJENC33nbf9R1MFn0PHXMg1mcuiA53WUlgIOLSzG7f_XW6uOPnVZSl_H9cJ0OAhoenJT8uF3yNUPtxgaVUGngo_KXD8xIxL22OpJ7/s600/MapTime1.05-PlaceEvents.png" /></a><br />
The route for your MapTimeline will now appear. You can edit the route using the usual Google Map controls until you are happy with it. (Unfortunately, there is no "Back" function at present; if you decide that you are really unhappy, just start again. The process gets quicker with practice anyway!) Once satisfied, click "Place Events" and the real fun starts. <br />
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi-Jct_txXKzJYwjMLgWjyuVYlqQTZZfTYbGcO-fPxtFu8g6c7ltov7llLd5vCQOKPrjFgJQXxgeDMTdHsMc-jbC7OkdCu5TJnkJ0dwjbZgceBct8VuDVPhZ17WnHxNHEVfw3sRLQ5yZgBV/s1600/MapTime1.06-MapTimeline.png"><img border="0" style="margin-top:5px;margin-bottom:5px" width="100%" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi-Jct_txXKzJYwjMLgWjyuVYlqQTZZfTYbGcO-fPxtFu8g6c7ltov7llLd5vCQOKPrjFgJQXxgeDMTdHsMc-jbC7OkdCu5TJnkJ0dwjbZgceBct8VuDVPhZ17WnHxNHEVfw3sRLQ5yZgBV/s600/MapTime1.06-MapTimeline.png" /></a><br />
All the TimePoints on the TimeLine will now be placed along your route at a distance proportional to time. The table on the left of the page shows the actual distances - if you want to remake the MapTimeline elsewhere, or place physical markers in your lecture theatre, this table is invaluable. (In this screenshot, the distances are from the Start but they have now been switched to be the distance from the Destination, <i>i.e.</i> your current location, as discussed below.) It can look a bit of a mess but you can get around this by zooming in and hiding unwanted events.<br />
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgCnmhz-mvjH-s6v6nCuyHj6Pk55HOHOkOm6nKmFC_rFUpQS1CQP24mvZemmTF9kCCiUToG_QTJJVT8KjatduMlSj5i02LuhjzYpY3TwgieTC7p39KFroWfGUmCwKnT7ig7rquJt1Sh7uOC/s1600/MapTime1.07-ShowHideEvents.png"><img style="margin-top:5px;margin-bottom:5px" border="0" width="100%" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgCnmhz-mvjH-s6v6nCuyHj6Pk55HOHOkOm6nKmFC_rFUpQS1CQP24mvZemmTF9kCCiUToG_QTJJVT8KjatduMlSj5i02LuhjzYpY3TwgieTC7p39KFroWfGUmCwKnT7ig7rquJt1Sh7uOC/s600/MapTime1.07-ShowHideEvents.png" /></a><br />
In this MapTimeline, for example, most of the action happens following the origin of multicellularity, a few miles south of Bristol. I hid "land plants" and "grass" because they were obscuring "Tetrapods" and the "K/T extinction" - if your focus was on plants, you would obviously hide something different. Once you are finally happy with your route and TimePoints, then you can maximise to get a full view of your MapTimeline:<br />
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg6DipD1UM6Aded4JzQitdZtQ9xl-vY45Wl2-4A_pJWmcg7LN2IWEats-tCqJJN7P8KpNEvm7O5JCklRYCfthTFBgNCKv0tGkbtlCePdRmwGrc67SlccKd3Dm_dSnSMDHujo_vg_zit0jvl/s1600/MapTime1.08-FullScreen.png"><img border="0" width="100%" style="margin-top:5px;margin-bottom:5px" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg6DipD1UM6Aded4JzQitdZtQ9xl-vY45Wl2-4A_pJWmcg7LN2IWEats-tCqJJN7P8KpNEvm7O5JCklRYCfthTFBgNCKv0tGkbtlCePdRmwGrc67SlccKd3Dm_dSnSMDHujo_vg_zit0jvl/s600/MapTime1.08-FullScreen.png" /></a><br />
However much you zoom, there are still going to be modern events that overlap each other - to some extent, that is the point! Travelling the 1347km from the top of Britain to the bottom, for example, America gained independence around 7cm away from the end of the route! (It <i>is</i> Independence Day, today!) Clearly, you are not going to see this on a Google Map scale view, even at maximum zoom. That's where the table of distances really comes in. Here is the example for the John o'Groats to Land's End route:<br />
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<table border="1" width="100%" valign="top"><tr><th width="50%">Event</th><td width="25%">Distance</td><td width="25%">Years</td></tr>
<tr><td>MapTime</td><td>0 mm</td><td>2012 AD</td></tr>
<tr><td>Cold War Ends</td><td>6.82484 mm</td><td>1989 AD</td></tr>
<tr><td>Hiroshima</td><td>1.98811 cm</td><td>1945 AD</td></tr>
<tr><td>American Independence</td><td>7.00288 cm</td><td>1776 AD</td></tr>
<tr><td>Columbus "discovers" America</td><td>15.43008 cm</td><td>1492 AD</td></tr>
<tr><td>Writing</td><td>1.48337 m</td><td>5 kya</td></tr>
<tr><td>Bronze Age</td><td>1.63173 m</td><td>5.5 kya</td></tr>
<tr><td>Agriculture & villages</td><td>2.96703 m</td><td>10 kya</td></tr>
<tr><td>Cave Art</td><td>10.38534 m</td><td>35 kya</td></tr>
<tr><td>Clothing/Jewellery</td><td>21.36443 m</td><td>72 kya</td></tr>
<tr><td>Use of Fire</td><td>474.77151 m</td><td>1.6 mya</td></tr>
<tr><td>Out of Africa</td><td>534.11799 m</td><td>1.8 mya</td></tr>
<tr><td>Stone Tools</td><td>741.83065 m</td><td>2.5 mya</td></tr>
<tr><td>Bipedal walking</td><td>1.72105 km</td><td>5.8 mya</td></tr>
<tr><td>Humans diverge from Chimps</td><td>1.78039 km</td><td>6 mya</td></tr>
<tr><td>K/T Extinction</td><td>19.2876 km</td><td>65 mya</td></tr>
<tr><td>Grass</td><td>20.77127 km</td><td>70 mya</td></tr>
<tr><td>Flowers</td><td>38.57521 km</td><td>130 mya</td></tr>
<tr><td>First Birds</td><td>44.50986 km</td><td>150 mya</td></tr>
<tr><td>Mammals</td><td>53.41183 km</td><td>180 mya</td></tr>
<tr><td>Warm bloodedness</td><td>59.34648 km</td><td>200 mya</td></tr>
<tr><td>Permian Extinction</td><td>74.18309 km</td><td>250 mya</td></tr>
<tr><td>Tetrapods</td><td>117.80275 km</td><td>397 mya</td></tr>
<tr><td>Land Plants</td><td>137.98056 km</td><td>465 mya</td></tr>
<tr><td>Arthropod crawls onto land</td><td>148.36619 km</td><td>500 mya</td></tr>
<tr><td>Cambrian Explosion</td><td>158.75182 km</td><td>535 mya</td></tr>
<tr><td>Chordates</td><td>160.23548 km</td><td>540 mya</td></tr>
<tr><td>Bilateral Symmetry</td><td>186.9414 km</td><td>630 mya</td></tr>
<tr><td>Multicellularity</td><td>267.05914 km</td><td>900 mya</td></tr>
<tr><td>First Eukaryotic Cells</td><td>593.46476 km</td><td>2 bya</td></tr>
<tr><td>Photosynthesis</td><td>637.97461 km</td><td>2.15 bya</td></tr>
<tr><td>Snowball Earth</td><td>682.48447 km</td><td>2.3 bya</td></tr>
<tr><td>Oxygen Atmosphere</td><td>712.15771 km</td><td>2.4 bya</td></tr>
<tr><td>Single Celled Life</td><td>1038.56333 km</td><td>3.5 bya</td></tr>
<tr><td>Formation of Earth</td><td>1347.165 km</td><td>4.54 bya</td></tr>
</table><br />
Hopefully this gives enough information to start playing with the site. New features are being add quite regularly, so please do both experiment and give us feedback on the good or the bad. We will make an FAQ once we have some!Richard Edwardshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16115218690707131186noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4086614040131386588.post-30551395330803355082012-06-30T22:41:00.002+01:002012-06-30T22:44:00.715+01:00What is MapTime?<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhUhMj8smwZ8X2Muif_5iiJX7T0d4TEct-X8yJ1BHpt-YeRt6b0UNoRL-QAuwYi6m0eUKp2vfMM02fQ_sGjZmaUi2kjsVCmd4qVnFDMZtem1Fv2NOI6hhkrskNzSQNQ0Y4eFwButlK46Y4Y/s1600/Photo+19-06-2012+14+40+22.jpg"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhUhMj8smwZ8X2Muif_5iiJX7T0d4TEct-X8yJ1BHpt-YeRt6b0UNoRL-QAuwYi6m0eUKp2vfMM02fQ_sGjZmaUi2kjsVCmd4qVnFDMZtem1Fv2NOI6hhkrskNzSQNQ0Y4eFwButlK46Y4Y/s320/Photo+19-06-2012+14+40+22.jpg" align="right" style="margin-left:10px" width="320" /></a>MapTime is an <a href="http://www.maptime.co.uk">online tool</a> for visualising "Deep Time" (<i>e.g.</i> time on a geological scale) using Google Maps. It based on a method described in:<blockquote><b>Parker, J. D. (2011)</b> <a href="http://learningcenter.nsta.org/product_detail.aspx?id=10.2505/4/jcst11_040_05_23" >Using Google Earth to Teach the Magnitude of Deep Time.</a> <i>Journal of College Science Teaching</i> <b>40(5):</b> 23-27</blockquote>The paper was featured in a <i>Science</i> 2011 Editor's Choice, <a href="http://joelparcoeur.com/pdfs/Parker_Science%202011.pdf">"A destination in time."</a> (<i>Science</i> <b>332:</b> 1360.)<br />
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An expanded explanation can be found on the "<a href="http://maptimeblog.blogspot.co.uk/p/what-is-maptime.html">What is MapTime?</a>" page of this blog. Please see the <a href="http://learningcenter.nsta.org/product_detail.aspx?id=10.2505/4/jcst11_040_05_23">original paper</a> for more on the rationale and pedagogy behind the method. The MapTime website can be found at <a href="http://www.maptime.co.uk">www.maptime.co.uk</a> and currently features a single TimeLine of organic evolution. A brief tutorial will follow shortly.Richard Edwardshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16115218690707131186noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4086614040131386588.post-29460398930151611832012-06-29T13:50:00.000+01:002012-07-23T16:34:23.710+01:00MapTime website is live!<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhUhMj8smwZ8X2Muif_5iiJX7T0d4TEct-X8yJ1BHpt-YeRt6b0UNoRL-QAuwYi6m0eUKp2vfMM02fQ_sGjZmaUi2kjsVCmd4qVnFDMZtem1Fv2NOI6hhkrskNzSQNQ0Y4eFwButlK46Y4Y/s1600/Photo+19-06-2012+14+40+22.jpg"><img border="0" width="50%" align="left" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhUhMj8smwZ8X2Muif_5iiJX7T0d4TEct-X8yJ1BHpt-YeRt6b0UNoRL-QAuwYi6m0eUKp2vfMM02fQ_sGjZmaUi2kjsVCmd4qVnFDMZtem1Fv2NOI6hhkrskNzSQNQ0Y4eFwButlK46Y4Y/s800/Photo+19-06-2012+14+40+22.jpg" style="margin-right:10px;margin-bottom:5px" alt="MapTime Graphic" /></a>We still have a little way to go before we are ready for an official launch but a functioning version of the <a href="http://www.maptime.co.uk">MapTime website</a> is now available for those interested in having a play before all the documentation <i>etc.</i> is written:<br />
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<center><a href="http://www.maptime.co.uk">www.maptime.co.uk</a></center><br />
We welcome comments and suggestions, which can be made through the comments on this blog or by emailing <a href="mailto:webmaster@maptime.co.uk">webmaster@maptime.co.uk</a>. Please report any bugs to <a href="mailto:bugs@maptime.co.uk">bugs@maptime.co.uk</a>. A list of <a href="http://maptimeblog.blogspot.co.uk/p/planned-developments.html">planned developments</a> and <a href="http://maptimeblog.blogspot.co.uk/p/known-issues.html">known issues</a> can also be found on this blog, so you might want to check there first to see if it's already on the list. (We have quite a few more plans than those listed but don't want to give them all away! ☺)<br />
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Watch this space for further developments in addition to tutorials and the like. We're also going to be on the hunt for interested parties to help test the site and develop the documentation, so please get it touch if you might be one of them. Happy MapTimeline plotting!Richard Edwardshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16115218690707131186noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4086614040131386588.post-28486660980169605712012-06-19T20:41:00.000+01:002012-07-23T16:34:23.708+01:00Coming soon...<h1><center>MapTime</center></h1><center><a href="http://www.maptime.co.uk">www.maptime.co.uk</a></center><br />
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhUhMj8smwZ8X2Muif_5iiJX7T0d4TEct-X8yJ1BHpt-YeRt6b0UNoRL-QAuwYi6m0eUKp2vfMM02fQ_sGjZmaUi2kjsVCmd4qVnFDMZtem1Fv2NOI6hhkrskNzSQNQ0Y4eFwButlK46Y4Y/s1600/Photo+19-06-2012+14+40+22.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left:1em; margin-right:1em"><img border="0" width="100%" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhUhMj8smwZ8X2Muif_5iiJX7T0d4TEct-X8yJ1BHpt-YeRt6b0UNoRL-QAuwYi6m0eUKp2vfMM02fQ_sGjZmaUi2kjsVCmd4qVnFDMZtem1Fv2NOI6hhkrskNzSQNQ0Y4eFwButlK46Y4Y/s1600/Photo+19-06-2012+14+40+22.jpg" style="margin-top:5px" alt="MapTime Graphic" /></a>Richard Edwardshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16115218690707131186noreply@blogger.com0